Mele Kalikimaka: Why You Can't Say "Christmas" in Hawaiian

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Mele Kalikimaka is the thing to say on a bright Hawaiian Christmas Day.

Thus spake Bing Crosby and a whole load of artists who covered his song.

It's not that Hawaiian has a completely different word for Christmas -- it's just that Kalikimaka is the closest that Hawaiian can possibly get to the word Christmas.

You see, Christmas is a very English word.

It's actually from Old English.

Cristes mæsse, the festival or mass of Christ.

But the Hawaiian language, along with a lot of Polynesian languages, uses only a few consonants and has much more restrictive phonotactic rules.

Phonotactics are the way that languages put sounds together -- so, nought, sought, wrought, and bought are all possible English words... but ngought isn't.

You can end an English word with ng - ring, sing, thinking... but you can't start one.

It's not allowed.

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