Socrates lived at the same time as the Sophists.

苏格拉底与那学家生在同一时代。

You have probably come across a few of these sophists in your young life.

你年纪虽小，但或许已经遇见过几位这样的学家。

But Socrates differed from the Sophists in one significant way.

过，苏格拉底有一点与学派同，而这点很重要。

The word " sophist" means a wise and informed person.

Sophist这个字原来指的一个有智慧而且博学的人(按：一般贬称为学家)。

This led the Sophists to raise the question of what was natural and what was socially induced.

这使得那学家禁质疑哪事物与生俱来，而哪事物又社会环境造成的。

He did not consider himself to be a " sophist" , that is, a learned or wise person.

他认为自己个“智者”，即博学或聪明的人。

Isocrates, in what is called his discourse against the sophists, reproaches the teachers of his own times with inconsistency.

伊索克拉底在他所谓的反对者的演讲中，指责他那个时代的老师前后矛盾。

That some sophists wrote tragedies and that tragedians manipulate sophistic rhetoric is not a casual overlap of interest.

一家写悲剧和悲剧演员操纵修辞偶然的兴趣重叠。

In this, then, the Stoics sided with Socrates against the Sophists.

那么，在这一点上， 斯多葛派站在苏格拉底一边反对智者派。

Because it is central to the rest of this course that you fully understand the difference between a sophist and a philosopher.

你必须完全了解“智者”与“哲学家”之间的差异，这样我们才能继续上以后的课程。

To help you get started, let me offer some quick advice for dealing with modern-day sophists who try to obscure — and deny — truth.

为了帮助您入门，让我提供一快速建议，如何对付那试图掩盖、否认真相的现代Sophists。

But before we meet Socrates, let us hear a little about the so-called Sophists, who dominated the Athenian scene at the time of Socrates.

但在我们谈到苏格拉底之前，先让我们来听一听所谓“学派”的学说。这一派的哲学家苏格拉底时代雅典的主流学派。

We've seen how the Sophists and Socrates turned their attention from questions of natural philosophy to problems related to man and society.

我们已经看到智者派和苏格拉底如何将他们的注意力从自然哲学问题转移到与人和社会有关的问题上。

If a suitably wealthy young man wanted to get on in public life, then he hired a Sophist to train him to speak persuasively.

如果一个相当富有的年轻人想在公共生活中出人头地，那么他会聘请一位智者来训练他说话有说服力。

The Sophists took money for their more or less hairsplitting expoundings, and sophists of this kind have come and gone from time immemorial.

智者会因为他们或多或少吹毛求疵的阐述而拿钱，而这类智者自古以来就来来去去。

Almost nothing survives of the voluminous writings of the original or older Sophists, particularly with the first and most famous of them, Protagoras. Three doctrines are associated with Protagoras, although evidence here is scanty and skewed by Plato.

原始智者或较早的智者的大量著作几乎没有留存下来，尤其其中第一位也最著名的智者普罗泰戈拉 (Protagoras)。三种学说与普罗泰戈拉有关，尽管这里的证据很少而且被柏拉图歪曲了。