On Nevis he witnessed the cruel nature of a slaveholding society with public whippings and slave-auctions commonplace.

，他亲眼目睹了奴隶制社会的残酷本质，公开鞭打和奴隶拍卖司空见惯。

In some analyses, this effort reflected a wish to stop slaveholding economies undercutting British exporters, who now relied on free labour.

一些分析中， 这一努力反映出希望阻止奴隶制经削弱英国出口商，而英国出口商现依赖自由劳动力。

By counting slaves, even though they had no political rights, the slaveholding states mostly in the south would receive greater representation in Congress.

通过计算奴隶数量， 即使他们没有政治权利，主要位于南方的蓄奴州国会获得更多代表权。

Thus, Jefferson and Madison presented themselves as defenders of the common man in opposition to the so-called northern aristocracy, despite the fact that they depended on the support of slaveholding states in the south.

因此，杰斐逊和麦迪逊自己描绘成普通人的捍卫者， 反对所谓的北方贵族，尽管他们依赖南方奴隶制国家的支持。