This ribosome reads the instructions from the nucleus.

核体读取核的指示。

The messenger RNA travels to a ribosome.

信使RNA前往核体。

What is actually happening inside the ribosome?

核体内部到底发生了什么？

And this whole process in the ribosome is called translation.

核体的整个过程称为“翻译过程”。

However, this is the first to show how the ribosomes can influence aging.

然而，该研究首次解释出核体是如何延缓衰老的。

Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells.

斯表示，核体负责在合成蛋白质。

Additionally, lead poisoning can also denature ribonuclease which is an enzyme that degrades ribosomes.

此外，铅毒还会使核核酸酶变性，是一种降解核体的酶。

Some ribosomes float free in the cytoplasm, while others are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

一些核体游离于质，而另一些则附着在内质网上。

The endoplasmic reticulum helps transport proteins made by the ribosomes to the Golgi apparatus.

内质网会将核体合成的蛋白质运到高尔基体。

Just a single ricin molecule is capable of inactivating 1,500 ribosomes per minute as it kills the cell.

蓖麻毒素是一种酵素，每分钟能够毁坏 1500 颗核体，直到死亡为止。

In the cytoplasm, the host cell ribosomes take over viral protein production, helping the virus replicate.

在质，宿主核体接管病毒蛋白的生产，帮助病毒复制。

This means that their RNA is actually mRNA, which the host cell ribosomes use to make viral proteins.

这意味着它们的RNA实际上是宿主核体用来制造病毒蛋白的mRNA。

The cell can use proteins made by the ribosomes to build new structures, repair damage, and direct chemical reactions.

可以利用核体合成的蛋白质来构建新的组织，修补损伤以及指导化学反应。

The mRNA has travelled out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm, where it binds with a ribosome.

mRNA 已经离开核，进入质，在那里它与核体结合。

Now in the bacterial cytoplasm, there are scattered cell components such as ribosomes which are the sites of protein synthesis.

在菌质，有分散的成分，例如核体，它们是蛋白质合成的部位。

The viral genes are transcribed into RNA and go over to the ribosomes, where they are translated into capsid proteins.

病毒的基因被转录为RNA，然后被转运到核体，并且在此处被翻译为衣壳蛋白。

They transcribe DNA into RNA and translate RNA into proteins on ribosomes.

它们将 DNA 转录成 RNA，并将 RNA 翻译成核体上的蛋白质。

There can be as many as 10 million ribosomes in a human cell, all studded along a ribbon-like structure, called the endoplasmic reticulum.

人类的可能有多达千万个核体，沿着一个带状结构排列，这个带状结构称为内质网。

The mRNA then travels from the cell nucleus and out into the cytoplasm, until it reaches and attaches to a ribosome.

然后 mRNA 从核进入质，直到到达并附着在核体上。

Once inside the cell, the ribosome translates the mRNA's instructions and begins assembling the viral protein.

一旦进入，核体就会翻译 mRNA 的指令并开始组装病毒蛋白。