This ribosome reads the instructions from the nucleus.

核糖读取细胞核指示。

Just a single ricin molecule is capable of inactivating 1,500 ribosomes per minute as it kills the cell.

蓖麻毒素一种酵素，每分钟能够毁坏 1500 颗核糖，直到细胞死亡为止。

The messenger RNA travels to a ribosome.

信使RNA前往核糖。

What is actually happening inside the ribosome?

核糖内部到底发生了什么？

And this whole process in the ribosome is called translation.

核糖个过程称为“翻译过程”。

However, this is the first to show how the ribosomes can influence aging.

然而，该研究首次解释出核糖何延缓衰老。

Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells.

普赖斯表示，核糖负责在细胞合成蛋白质。

Additionally, lead poisoning can also denature ribonuclease which is an enzyme that degrades ribosomes.

此外，铅毒还会使核糖核酸酶变性，一种降解核糖酶。

Some ribosomes float free in the cytoplasm, while others are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

一些核糖游离于细胞质，而另一些则附着在内质网上。

The endoplasmic reticulum helps transport proteins made by the ribosomes to the Golgi apparatus.

内质网会将核糖合成蛋白质运到高尔基。

In the cytoplasm, the host cell ribosomes take over viral protein production, helping the virus replicate.

在细胞质，宿主细胞核糖接管病毒蛋白生产，帮助病毒复制。

This means that their RNA is actually mRNA, which the host cell ribosomes use to make viral proteins.

这意味着它们RNA实际上宿主细胞核糖用来制造病毒蛋白mRNA。

The cell can use proteins made by the ribosomes to build new structures, repair damage, and direct chemical reactions.

细胞可以利用核糖合成蛋白质来构建新组织，修补损伤以及指导化学反应。

The mRNA has travelled out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm, where it binds with a ribosome.

mRNA 已经离开细胞核，进入细胞质，在那里它与核糖结合。

They transcribe DNA into RNA and translate RNA into proteins on ribosomes.

它们将 DNA 转录成 RNA，并将 RNA 翻译成核糖上蛋白质。

Now in the bacterial cytoplasm, there are scattered cell components such as ribosomes which are the sites of protein synthesis.

在细菌细胞质，有分散细胞成分，例核糖，它们蛋白质合成部位。

There can be as many as 10 million ribosomes in a human cell, all studded along a ribbon-like structure, called the endoplasmic reticulum.

人类细胞可能有多达千万个核糖，沿着一个带状结构排列，这个带状结构称为内质网。

The mRNA then travels from the cell nucleus and out into the cytoplasm, until it reaches and attaches to a ribosome.

然后 mRNA 从细胞核进入细胞质，直到到达并附着在核糖上。

Once inside the cell, the ribosome translates the mRNA's instructions and begins assembling the viral protein.

一旦进入细胞，核糖就会翻译 mRNA 指令并开始组装病毒蛋白。

The viral genes are transcribed into RNA and go over to the ribosomes, where they are translated into capsid proteins.

病毒基因被转录为RNA，然后被转运到核糖，并且在此处被翻译为衣壳蛋白。