One example is cholecystokinin, which is produced in response to food by cells in the upper small bowel.

一个例子是胆素，它是小肠上段细胞对食物产生反应而产生的。

Less energy expenditure makes you more lethargic, less cholecystokinin means more hunger, less leptin signalling means more hunger and more ghrelin also means you're hungrier.

少的能量消耗会嗜睡，少的胆素、少的瘦素信号以及的胃促生长素都会增加饥饿感。

The cholecystokinin makes its way to the gallbladder, the thin walled, green sac snuggling up against the liver, and signals it to squeeze out some bile through the cystic and bile ducts into the small intestine.

当胆素到达胆（即位于右方肋骨下肝脏后方的梨形袋构造），胆在激素信息的指引下开始，将胆汁通过胆管和胆管排入小肠内。

As an October 2011 study in the New England Journal of Medicine says: " Caloric restriction results in acute compensatory changes, including profound reductions in energy expenditure and levels of leptin and cholecystokinin and increases in ghrelin and appetite."

正如 2011 年 10 月发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上的一项研究所说：“热量限制会导致急性代偿性变化，包括能量消耗、瘦素和胆素水平的显著降低，以及胃饥饿素和食欲的增加。”