Staph saprophyticus can also form adherent biofilms on medical implants, typically the indwelling urinary catheters.

腐葡萄球菌还可以在医疗植入上，通常是留置导尿管上，形成粘附的膜。

Now, a little biofilm isn't gonna hurt you.

一点点膜不会有什么伤害。

Biodegradable carbon-based electrodes printed on a piece of paper are covered with a layer of fluid called the biofilm.

可降解的碳源电极被印在一张纸上，并覆盖了一层叫做膜的可流动薄膜。

An absence of biofilms means fouling will never get going in the first place.

没有膜意味着从一开始就不会产污垢。

Researchers say when mass-produced, this biofilm device will cost just over 1 dollar.

研究人员称，当此膜检水设备大规模产时，每个只售一美元多一点。

But in reality, microbes gather by the millions to form vast communities known as biofilms.

际上，微以数百万计地聚集，形成一种叫做膜的巨大组织。

However, in a biofilm, the extracellular matrix shields microbes from external threats.

是，如果活在膜中，细胞外基质能够为微提供保护。

Additionally, indwelling medical devices should be removed and replaced when there is suspicion of biofilms.

此外，当怀疑有膜形成时，应拆除并更换留置的医疗设备器械。

It can also colonize indwelling medical devices, where it forms biofilms.

它还可以在留置的的医疗器械上定植，并形成膜。

To see how biofilms come about, let's watch one as it develops on a submerged river rock.

为了了解膜如何产，我们以一个长在河石上的膜为例。

But out in the world, including our bodies, bacteria often exist packed together in dense communities called biofilms.

在包括我们体内的现世界，细菌通常拥挤地存在被称为“膜”的聚集体中。

They moved more slowly, and were more likely to form biofilms, slimy microbial communities that are hardier than individuals.

它们移动速度较慢，更容易形成菌膜，是比个体更坚韧的粘稠微群体。

The mutations thus also make it harder for the bacteria to stick together into the biofilms associated with illness.

这种变异继而也令细菌难以集体粘在与疾病相关的膜上。

This type of biofilm might begin with a few bacteria swimming through their liquid environment.

这种膜最初由少数细菌组成，这些细菌在周围的液体环境中穿梭。

The glue and the microbes form these biofilms that hold soil particles together.

胶水和微形成了这些将土壤颗粒结合在一起的膜。

Biofilms also enable interactions between individual cells.

膜还可以现单个细胞之间的相互作用。

But microbodies and biofilms are made up of complex chemicals.

是微体和膜是由复杂的化学质组成的。

The end result is a bacteria ridden pigsty called biofilm.

最终结果是一个充满细菌的猪圈，称为膜。

Microbes and their biofilms also play a big role in soil carbon sequestration.

微及其膜在土壤固碳中也起着重要作用。

Tiffany Prest, Arcadia's manager, notes that a few naturally occurring helpful biofilms are already known.

阿卡迪亚的经理蒂芙尼·普雷斯特指出，一些自然产的有用膜是已知的。