If they've got a double bond, we call them alkenes, and those with triple bonds are alkynes.

如果它们有双键，我们称它们烃，而那些有三键的是炔烃。

In essence, the azide and the alkyne are like the two halves of a snap-together buckle.

从本质上讲，叠氮化物和炔烃就扣在起的两半。

Thus, no isomers with alkynes. Phew. OK I'm done describing for the moment.

因此，与炔烃没有异构体。呸。好的，我暂时完成描述。

They can be alkanes or alkenes, sometimes, even rarely, alkynes.

它们可以是烷烃或烃，有时至很少是炔烃。

All the other naming rules apply to alkenes and alkynes too.

所有其他命名规则也适用于烃和炔烃。

There's only one letter changing here: A in alkanes changes to E for alkenes and then to Y for alkynes.

这里只有字母发生化：烷烃中的 A 烃中的 E，然后炔烃中的 Y。

Alkenes can be made into alkanes and alkynes can become either alkenes or alkanes depending on how many atoms are added.

烃可以成烷烃，炔烃可以成烃或烷烃，具体取决于添加的原子数。

The triple bonds in alkynes, meanwhile, are composed of 1 sigma bond and 2 pi bonds for a total of 3 bonds.

同时，炔烃中的三键由 1 sigma 键和 2 pi 键组成，总共 3 键。

Copper ions are frequently poisonous to biological systems.So Dr Bertozzi decided to work on a way to make azides and alkynes react without their involvement.

铜离子通常对生物系统有毒。因此，Bertozzi 博士决定研究种方法，使叠氮化物和炔烃在没有它们参与的情况下发生反应。

You also learned a little bit about cis-trans isomerism and learned a few important reactions of alkenes and alkynes such as hydrogenation, halogenation, and polymerization.

您还了解了些顺反异构现象，并了解了烃和炔烃的些重要反应，例如氢化、卤化和聚合。

Her solution, which she published in 2004, was to include the alkyne half of the buckle in a molecule that would put it under strain and thus make it more reactive.

她于 2004 年发表的解决方案是将带扣的炔烃半包含在分子中，使其处于应状态，从而使其更具反应性。

So three words representing three different groups of organic compounds: alkanes for all single bonds, alkenes if they contain double bonds, and alkynes if they contain one or more triple bonds.

所以三词代表三组不同的有机化合物：所有单键的烷烃，含有双键的烃，含有或多三键的炔烃。

That may not sound like a big deal at first, but alkenes and alkynes don't have that kind of freedom, and that simple fact has a huge affect on their properties.

乍听这可能没什么大不了的，但烃和炔烃没有那种自由度， 而这简单的事实对它们的性质有巨大影响。

If you paid attention, you learned that hydrocarbons with double bonds are called alkenes and those with triple bonds are called alkynes and that the naming rules are the same as for alkanes.

如果你注意的话，你会发现带有双键的碳氢化合物称烃， 带有三键的碳氢化合物称炔烃， 并且命名规则与烷烃相同。